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Old Spanish Explorers (1510-1542)

Crossed the country toward the mouth of the Missouri before the voyages of Henry Hudson or Drake, or the Settlement on the James River were made. A Spanish stirrup of Coronado’s time was dug up in the streets of Omaha.

Lewis and Clark (1804-1806)

Made a scientific exploration commissioned by Jefferson; its results became important in the long quarrel between Great Britain and the United States over the latter’s claims to the Oregon country.

Astorians on the Way to or from the Pacific (1811-1813)

These were fur traders sent by John Jacob Astor to establish a post on the Pacific Coast.

Missouri Fur Traders (1816-1840)

Adventurers from St. Louis who came up by the Platte and Three Forks after the Astorians surrendered, to fight the Hudson’s Bay men for the rich furs.

Later Exploring Parties (1842-1848)

The most noted were those of Frémont “the Pathfinder” in 1842 and 1843. Frémont camped at Independence Rock, and from there went on to the ascent of Frémont Peak in August, 1842.