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Most often MCOA is found in related breeds that originated from horses coming from Appalachia. These include Rocky Mountain Horses, Kentucky Mountain Saddle Horses, and Mountain Pleasure Horses. Similar abnormalities are also observed in other breeds, such as the Morgan, Belgian, Shetland Pony, American Miniature Horse, and Icelandic Horse. Affected horses can display abnormal behaviors due to the problems with their vision. Structural eye abnormalities are the result of a pleiotropic action of the PMEL17 gene. For this reason, since 1998, Kentucky Mountain Saddle Horses are required to pass veterinary inspection for the absence of vision problems before being allowed for breeding (animals with eye anomalies are excluded). The rules are not so strict for the Rocky Mountain Horse. Nevertheless, breeders of Rocky Mountain Horses, including those in Europe, do not recommend breeding carriers of the Silver gene.
COLORS DETERMINED BY THE CHAMPAGNE GENE
Unlike colors due to the Silver gene, champagne colors are absent in breeds in Russia and Europe. They are found in a limited number of breeds: the American Cream Draft, Tennessee Walking Horse, Missouri Fox Trotter, Quarter Horse, Paint Horse, Appaloosa, Rocky Mountain Horse, American Saddlebred, Kentucky Mountain Saddle Horse, Racking Horse, American Warmblood, Miniature Horse, North American Sportpony, and the Mustang.