Читать книгу Taekwondo Black Belt Poomsae. Original Koryo and Koryo онлайн

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Given the deteriorating cultural imbalance that inevitably afflicts failing nations in their waning years, Koryo history nonetheless was replete with innovation and virtue. From the artistic originality of Koryo celadon to the sacred encryption of sacred sutras in the Tripitaka Koreana, from the steadfast conviction that Buddhist doctrine would by mystical design steer the nation to prosperity to the skill of Koryo shipwrights responsible for later shaping the kobukson or turtle boats of Admiral Yi Sun Shin, Koryo heritage left an indelible stamp on Asian history that centuries later would be memorialized in two poomsae of a native martial art that would come to be known as taekwondo.

Foreign Influences on Taekwondo Formal Exercises

In order to fully understand the complete history, philosophy, and martial applications of taekwondo poomsae, hyung, or tul, one must openly, and without bias, take into account the role that Okinawan/Japanese kata and Chinese taolu played in their creation⁸. As we have seen, formal exercises, regardless of pedigree, were not created in a vacuum; cultures borrowed heavily from one another with applications morphing from nation to nation according to martial necessity and geography. Subsequently, strings connecting to the creation of contemporary taekwondo formal exercises can be traced back to the fourteenth century when an alliance forged between China and Okinawa resulted in a great infusion of Chinese culture. In 1429, the immigration of Chinese nationals adept in the art of chuan fa/kenpo greatly influenced the native combative styles of the island kingdom. Many of the kata practiced in the various styles of karate today still bear the names of the Chinese practitioners who inspired them. The towns of Shuri and Naha, bolstered by this expansion in trade, would come to be known for the martial systems that they would eventually spawn. Initially, before karate, there existed Shuri-te, Naha-te, Tomari-te, and todi, or “China hand.” Later, as Okinawa moved from a provincial to a regional economy, relations were established between Indonesia, Japan, and Korea.