Читать книгу 101 Hikes in Southern California. Exploring Mountains, Seashore, and Desert онлайн
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Chief among the essential items is warm clothing. Inland Southern California is characterized by wide swings in day and night temperatures. In mountain valleys susceptible to cold-air drainage, for example, a midday temperature in the 70s or 80s is often followed by a subfreezing night. Carry light, inner layers of clothing consisting of polypropylene or wool (best for cool or cold weather) or cotton (adequate for warm or hot weather but very poor for cold and damp weather). Include a thicker insulating layer of synthetic fill, wool, or down to put on whenever you need it, especially when you are not moving around and generating heat. Add to these items a cap, gloves, and a waterproof or water-resistant shell (a large trash bag will do in a pinch)—and you’ll be quite prepared for all but the most severe weather. In hot, sunny weather, sun-shielding clothing, including a sun hat and a light-colored, long-sleeve top, may also be essential.
Water and food are next in importance. Most streams and even some springs in the mountains have been shown to contain unacceptably high levels of bacteria or other contaminants. Even though most of the remote watersheds are probably pristine, it’s wise to treat by filtering or chemical methods any water obtained outside of developed camp or picnic sites. Unless the day is very warm or your trip is a long one, it’s usually easiest to carry (preferably in sturdy plastic bottles or a CamelBak) all the water you’ll need. Don’t underestimate your water needs: During a full day’s hike in 80° temperatures you may require as much as a gallon of water. Know, too, that many springs and watercourses—even some shown as being permanent on topographic maps—may run dry at some point during the summer. Food is necessary to stave off the feeling of hunger and keep your energy stores up, but it is not nearly as critical as water is in emergency situations where you are in danger of dehydration.