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Top: Franchi 48 AL: long recoil system; Bottom: Benelli M-1: inertia system.

The inertia system, in different variations, has been around a long time. It seems that the Italians tinkered with it more than anybody else. In one form or another, it’s been in existence since the 1920s. Benelli is constantly tweaking the system, coming out with different variations almost annually. The Benelli is very popular here in the U.S. with hunters and seems to have caught on with the Sporting Clays shooters as well.

Today, except for Benelli’s inertia and Franchi 48AL’s long recoil system, there are no other non-gas operated shotguns available to the American shooters, except on the used-gun market. The Beretta UGB 25 Xcel, which operates on the short recoil system, for all practical purpose can be counted out of the equation, since it is made only as a trap gun. So essentially what we have today among autoloading shotguns is the inertia-driven and the long recoil-operated shotguns of Benelli and Franchi. All the rest are gas-operated. Are there other recoil operated systems? Yes, but their manufacture is not widespread.