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A rectangle is defined by its edges. If we’re trying to frame images consciously, we need to be aware of those edges. Think about them as you try different angles of view. If you use a zoom lens, objects can appear or disappear at the edges of the frame as you zoom in or out: make sure you’re aware of them.

Looking at what’s contained within those edges is the other side of the coin. Don’t forget that the camera can’t read your mind and doesn’t actually know which bits of the scene you are interested in. It’s no good blaming the camera if you get more than you thought you were getting.

Looking at the viewfinder is only part of the process. This can’t directly tell you what difference it will make to move back a few metres, or switch to a different lens. You can do this entirely by trial and error, but if you stop to check through the viewfinder after every little adjustment, it’ll take forever. Landscape photography isn’t supposed to be that slow! This is why looking at the scene directly is just as important as using the viewfinder. In fact, we can all anticipate, to some extent, what will happen when we shift position or change lenses. Step closer to that gap in the trees and we’ll see more of the landscape beyond. And the more we do it, the better we get at it.