Читать книгу Great Mountain Days in the Pennines. 50 classic hillwalking routes онлайн

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The precise nature of the Helm Wind is neatly summarised in Legends and Historical Notes of North Westmoreland by Thomas Gibson: ‘the air or wind from the east, ascends the gradual slope of the western (sic) side of the Pennine chain... to the summit of Cross Fell, where it enters the helm or cap, and is cooled to a less temperature; it then rushes forcibly down the abrupt declivity of the western side of the mountain into the valley beneath, in consequence of the valley being of a warmer temperature, and this constitutes the Helm-Wind. The sudden and violent rushing of the wind down the ravines and crevices of the mountain, occasions the loud noise that is heard.’ As for its force, Thomas Wilkinson of Yanwath, a Quaker friend of Wordsworth, describes in his Tour to the British Mountains (1824) how ‘if I advanced it was with my head inclined to the ground, and at a slow pace; it I retreated and leaned against it with all my might, I could hardly keep erect; if I did not resist it, I was blown over’.