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As part of the obligation to protect the health and welfare of their citizens, state governments enact laws to regulate the provision of psychological services. State credentialing of professionals, such as school psychologists, protects the consumer by requiring individuals to hold specified qualifications before they are granted a legal sanction to practice in the state.

In most states, the state (SDE) credentials school psychologists for practice in the school setting. The credential issued by the SDE may be called a “certificate,” “endorsement,” or “license” (Rossen, 2014). An SDE credential generally permits school-based practice only; that is, the practitioner may work for the schools either as a regular school employee or on a contractual basis, but the credential typically does not authorize a school psychologist to engage in private practice. An SDE credential is the state credential most commonly held by school psychology practitioners (Walcott et al., 2018).