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The Ethical Standards of Psychologists was first adopted by the APA in 1953. Eight revisions of the APA’s code of ethics were published between 1959 and 1992. The current version, Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct (APA, 2017b), was adopted in 2002 and amended in 2010 and 2016 (see Appendix B). The APA’s Ethical Principles differs from the NASP’s Principles for Professional Ethics in that it was developed for psychologists with training in diverse specialty areas (clinical, industrial-organizational, school psychology) and who work in a number of different settings (private practice, industry, hospitals and clinics, public schools, university teaching, research).

The Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct consists of these sections: Introduction and Applicability, Preamble, General Principles, and Ethical Standards. The General Principles section includes five broadly worded aspirational goals to be considered by psychologists in ethical decision making, and the Ethical Standards section sets forth enforceable rules for conduct. General Principle A, Beneficence and Nonmaleficence, means that psychologists engage in professional actions that are likely to benefit others, or at least do no harm (Behnke & Jones, 2012).