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NesosilicatesSorosilicatescyclosilicatessingle‐chain inosilicates,double‐chain inosilicatephyllosilicatestectosilicates
Because the silicate groups constitute the most significant rock‐forming minerals in Earth's crust and upper mantle they are discussed more fully in ssss1. In ssss1, we will further investigate significant aspects of mineral chemistry, including substitution solid solution and the uses of isotopes and phase stability diagrams in understanding Earth materials.
CONTENT ASSESSMENT
1 Explain the difference between:An isotope and an ion.A cation and an anion and the reason the latter two types of ions exist.A stable isotope and an unstable isotope and how the latter evolve through time.
2 Detail the major factors that determine the effective radii of different atoms and ions.
3 What is the diagonal rule and how does it help to predict the electron configuration of most major elements whose atomic number is known? Use the diagonal rule to write the “ground state” electron configurations for the following elements.(a)ssss1 Major silicate structures: (a) nesosilicate, (b) sorosilicate, (c) cyclosilicate, (d) single‐chain inosilicate, (e) double chain inosilicate, (f) phyllosilicate, (g) tectosilicate.Source: Wenk and Bulakh (2004). © Cambridge University Press.helium (H)carbon (C)oxygen (O)aluminum (Al)argon (Ar)iron (Fe).