Читать книгу Walking in Bulgaria's National Parks. Pirin, Rila and Central Balkans National Parks онлайн

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While walking through the Central Balkan national park you will pass through six distinct vegetation zones. Around the lowest edge of the national park, between about 550m and 900m, there are patches of oak forest. Typically these comprise Turkey oak (Quercus cerris), Hungarian oak (Quercus frainetto) or downy oak (Quercus pubescens), and also include secondary associations of eastern hornbeam (Carpinus orientalis), prickly juniper (Juniperus oxycedrus), hop-hornbeam (Ostrya carpinifolia), manna ash (Fraxinus ornus) and Tartar maple (Acer tartaricum). Many of the trees in this zone are stunted by decades of cutting and grazing, and resemble thickets rather than mature woodland.

Central Balkan endemic flora: Balkan primrose (Priumla frondosa) (Walk 2)

The oak zone is found exclusively on the southern flank of the mountains. Here too, and again reaching up to altitudes of about 900m, there is also a somewhat similar oak-hornbeam zone. This is dominated by communities of the Balkan durmast oak (Quercus dalechampii) in conjunction with hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and eastern hornbeam (Carpinus orientalis). Manna ash (Fraxinus ornus) and hop-hornbeam (Ostrya carpinifolia) again both also often occur in this zone, as well as silver lime (Tilia tomentosa), hazel (Corylus avellana) and blackthorn (Prunus spinosa).