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6 ssss1 Erasmus: Facts, figures and trends https://ec.europa.eu/assets/eac/education/library/statistics/erasmus-plus-facts-figures_en.pdf.

7 ssss1 https://www.canada.ca/en/canadian-heritage/services/official-languages-bilingualism/publications/statistics.html.

8 ssss1 Swiss Statistics Press Release of June 19, 2012. No. 0351-1206-30.

9 ssss1 This information was given to me by Joanne Hans, a consulting-analyst with Statistics Canada (September 15, 2020).

10 ssss1 https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/as-sa/98-200-x/2016010/98-200-x2016010-eng.cfm.

11 ssss1 https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/as-sa/98-200-x/2016031/98-200-x2016031-eng.cfm.

12 ssss1 https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Foreign_language_skills_statistics.

13 ssss1 Dr. Krista Byers-Heinlein has reminded me that we exchanged emails on this topic several years before writing this chapter and that, at that time, I had mentioned that my estimate had been influenced by Professor William Mackey of Laval University. He had written in his Bilingualism as a World problem (1967, 11) that bilingualism affects the majority of the world’s population.