Читать книгу Environmental Ethics онлайн
69 страница из 125
10 All humans have a duty to engage in and protect their human and their natural/Natural communities—5−9.
Argument One: The Recognition, Valuing, and Protection of Nature
Once we accept Argument One, then it is incumbent upon us to ascertain what are the constraints upon our activities that do not arise from n/Nature. This area of development might be termed artificial. All technology is artificial. One popular definition of humans is as tool-making animals.35 The making (ποεῖν + τεχνή/ poein + techne) is at the etymological center of the realm of the technological which is a novel creation that will augment the realm of Nature by Homo sapiens. One way to think about these additions is by using the language of the Ancient Greek physical philosophers. The given order, Nature (φύσις/ phusis) exists. The making can either accord with Nature (κατα φύσιν/ kata phusin) or it can go against the Natural grain and thus interrupt, change, or go against Nature (παρα φύσιν/ para phusin).36 Thus, one distinction of importance is between kata phusin and para phusin.37