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Even so, the majority of lameness cases are complicated. In order to orchestrate our diagnostic and treatment plans appropriately, we must first recognize and designate each component of the horse’s lameness as primary or secondary. Although this task may seem daunting to the casual observer, there are some basic guidelines that will help. Knowledge of the typical ways that secondary lameness manifests at the trot can aid in accurate classification.

Consider the following points:

 All lame horses have at least one primary component that is contributing to their altered movement. That said, most lame horses have only one primary component. Multifactorial lameness is a relatively uncommon form of complicated lameness.

 There is little correlation between the degree of lameness and its primary/secondary denotation. A severe lameness does not certify a “primary” classification, since secondary lameness is often more visibly obvious than its underlying primary inciter.

 Forelimb lameness is more likely to be secondary to hind limb lameness than vice versa. Since the forelimbs normally experience the majority (approximately two-thirds) of the horse’s weight, very slight hind limb lameness may be enough to significantly influence forelimb load and action. By contrast, marked forelimb lameness is typically required to generate corresponding repercussions behind.

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