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The adept observer not only acknowledges the presence of both primary and secondary components of lameness, but accurately distinguishes between the two. Always considering the potential for physiologic relationships between two or more coexisting gait deficits better prepares us for this task.

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To most of us, a lame horse is a horse in pain. While this is true in the majority of cases, gait abnormalities can also be generated by issues that don’t hurt. The adept observer has the ability to recognize both forms.

pain-mediated lamenesspalpation(perineuralsynovialarthrotherapy

Non pain-mediated issues, by contrast, cannot be accentuated through manipulation nor be “blocked out” during lameness examination. They are often invisible upon diagnostic imaging and refractory to medical therapy. Many non-painful issues, therefore, can only be diagnosed via their display of characteristic gait deficits. This is where meticulous visual analysis becomes a critical part of the workup.

tendons, ligaments,muscles

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