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However, both codes recognize that multiple relationships are not always unethical. School psychologists must think carefully about whether the existence of multiple roles in relation to a client or the client’s family will impair professional objectivity or effectiveness or could be viewed by the public as inappropriate (Flanagan et al., 2005). Furthermore, sometimes multiple relationships are unavoidable, such as when there is a lack of alternative service providers. In such situations:

school psychologists take the necessary steps to anticipate and prevent conditions that might compromise their objectivity, professionalism, or ability to render services. They establish and maintain clear professional boundaries, clarify role expectations, and rectify any misunderstandings that might adversely affect the well-being of a client or a client’s family. In all cases, school psychologists prioritize the needs of the client and attempt to resolve any conflicts that emerge in a manner that provides the greatest benefit to the client. (NASP Standard III.4.2)