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1. Essential Principles

The amazing power of a karatedo technique is the result of a rational application of physical, physiological, and psychological principles that everyone, even a weak or aged person, can learn to utilize through assiduous practice. The principles have to be combined all at once in the execution of a technique and as such are somewhat difficult to dissociate. However, for clarity of explanation, they will be treated separately.

a. Physical Principles

Needless to say, the human body follows the physical laws of nature. For example, it is attracted to the ground with a force which is directly proportional to its weight; this is the gravity force. When you move, you generate a momentum which is the product (Mx V) of your weight (M) and velocity (V). If you hit the ground or a wall with a force F, it creates a reaction force R which is directly proportional to F and in the opposite direction. In general, for any action there is a corresponding reaction of proportional intensity. Also, the impact generated by a mass (or weight) M moving with a velocity (or speed) V is proportional to the square of the speed (kinetic energy = 1/2M x V²). Finally, the last important force brought into play in karatedo is the muscular force resulting from the contraction and/ or extension of some of the 400 muscles of the body. Certain muscles are very powerful but move slowly while others, less powerful, move much faster. One of the characteristics of muscular force is that it is cumulative. In other words, the effects can be added, two identical muscles producing twice as much force as one.