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Another effect of abdominal respiration is the lowering of the center of gravity. In normal respiration, the chest is inflated and the shoulders are lifted, thus the center of gravity moves up. Breathing with the lower part of the diaphragm creates a centripetal pressure by which the internal organs are pushed downward and the center of gravity is lowered considerably, thereby increasing the stability of the body.

Distance, timing, and speed

These three factors are lightly correlated and are extremely important for the transmission of a maximum force to the point of impact.

Distance refers, in this paragraph, to the length of segment joining the striking part and the target. Your reach is important for this particular technique. If this distance is too long, the force of the blow will be wasted. You may lose your balance and the opponent will have a chance to counterattack. If the distance is too short, the striking part will not have attained its maximum speed. Therefore its momentum will be small and the blow will be ineffective. Furthermore, if you are too close, the opponent will have a chance to hit you before you strike. The reach is usually the full length of the arm or leg, and is developed by practice with the makiwara (a board used for punching, kicking, and striking practice).