Читать книгу Complete Shotokan Karate. History, Philosophy, and Practice онлайн

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Today there are five major systems of karate practiced on Okinawa: Uechi-ryu and Goju-ryu, which are descended from Naha-te; and Shorin-ryu, which is divided into Matsubayashi-ryu, Kobayashi-ryu, and Shorin-ryu. The three subgroups of Shorin-ryu are descendents of Shuri-te. All the styles are organized into the All-Okinawan Karate-Do Association, the official body governing the martial arts on Okinawa.

Uechi-ryu is the Okinawan name for the Chinese system called Pon-gai-noon. It was founded by Kanbun Uechi, who went to China in 1901 to study ch'uan-fa. He returned years later and founded his school on Okinawa. At this time, his son, Kan'ei Uechi, is the head of the system of Uechi-ryu on Okinawa and has eight schools under his control. He has also served as one of the directors of the All-Okinawan Karate-Do Association.

Goju-ryu (lit., hard-soft style) was founded as a separate system by the late Chojun Miyagi in the 1920s. Born in Naha City, Okinawa, in 1888, Miyagi trained in the Naha-te school under Kanryo Higaonna from 1902 to 1915. He then sailed to Fuzhou and studied there until 1917 in such Chinese styles as Pa-kua Hsing-i, Mi Tsung-i, and "tiger-crane" Shaolin. Master Miyagi spent his entire life contributing to the improvement and proliferation of karate-do. He died in 1953 on Okinawa, leaving the Goju school to Meitoku Yagi, his highest-ranked disciple. Yagi inherited Miyagi's belt on the tenth anniversary of the master's death.