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 Qhapaq Ñan, Andean Road System

Torres del Paine national park, despite being submitted to the tentative list in 1994, is yet to be accepted pending a resolution of the Chilean-Argentine border dispute.

Early exploration and mountaineering

The Southern Patagonian Ice Field was first explored in detail by Federico Reichert in 1913–14. Alberto de Agostini followed in 1928 and 1931, and in 1928–29 Gunter Plüschow undertook an aerial exploration, the aircraft later crashing in Lago Argentino. HW Tilman and Jorge Quinteros crossed the Ice Field from east to west in 1955–56, starting from Tilman’s yacht ‘Mischief’, moored in the Chilean fjords, and the two ending up swimming in Lago Argentino before returning.

Eric Shipton visited the area in 1960–61, completing an epic crossing from north to south between the Jorge Montt glacier and Lago Argentino (a distance of over 200km). The first full north–south crossing of the Southern Patagonian Ice Field was completed by Pablo Besser, Mauricio Rojas, José Montt and Rodrigo Fica in 1998. Cerro Lautaro, an active 3380m volcano in Bernardo O’Higgins national park (named after the Mapuche military leader who defeated Valdivia), was first climbed in 1964 by Pedro Skvarca and Luciano Pera.