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Most makers use P, S, A and M symbols to denote these modes. However, for some reason, Canon uses Tv instead of S. It’s supposed to stand for Time Value, which almost makes sense, but now that many cameras can be connected directly to a TV set to play back pictures, this is bound to cause confusion.

Farleton Fell, Cumbria (Jon) Landscape mode will favour good depth of field and process the image to give vibrant colour

Most cameras also have a range of other exposure modes. Terminology varies: for convenience we’ll call them Scene modes.

These normally pre-determine most camera settings. For example, when you choose Landscape mode, the camera determines aperture and shutter speed in a particular way, but it goes much further. It will probably turn the flash off, for a start, and you may be blocked from activating it manually. Most people rarely use flash when shooting landscapes, but there can be occasions when you do want it to lighten up a dark foreground. Other modes might do the opposite and automatically activate the flash, leaving no easy way to turn it off if you don’t want it.