Читать книгу Force Decisions. A Citizen's Guide to Understanding How Police Determine Appropriate Use of Force онлайн

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A force continuum used in training by Multnomah County, Oregon 2007. Note levels of force, force options and levels of resistance.

Example of a Force Decision Framework laid out as available options rather than levels.

There is much more to learn, but the rookie will learn it on the job through trial and error.

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Touch on the surface is simple. The hand on the shoulder to establish rapport, the hand on the elbow to steer a drunk in the right direction. It can be reassuring. It can be as comforting as a hug shared with someone who has just been rescued. It can de-escalate situations that are beyond words.

It can also go very, very bad. Will that hand on the shoulder comfort the grieving survivor? Or trigger memories of abuse that the officer has no way of knowing? The danger lies in the fact that the officer is very close—well within reach should the threat decide to attack. If that should happen, the officer has already misjudged the threat’s intent.

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Level 4 includes all of the techniques that have a good chance of getting the threat to go along with a relatively low risk of injury—things such as joint locks, pressure points, take downs, and, in some jurisdictions, OC (Oleoresin Capsicum aka pepper spray), and Taser.