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School psychologists “respect the right of persons to participate in decisions affecting their own welfare” (NASP Guiding Principle I.1). They apply the ethical principle of respect for self-determination and autonomy to their professional practices by seeking informed consent to establish a school psychologist–client relationship and by ensuring that the individuals with whom they work have “a voice and a choice” in decisions that affect them.

School psychologists sometimes ask the question, “Who is the client?” In the school setting, multiple different parties may be recipients of school psychological services or affected indirectly by their decisions. NASP’s code of ethics identifies the client or clients as the individuals who have entered into a school psychologist–client relationship for the purpose of receiving services. A school psychologist–client relationship is established by an informed agreement with a client about the school psychologist’s duties to each party in the professional relationship (NASP, 2020, p. 41). Often more than one individual is a primary client, such as when the school psychologist-client professional services relationship involves parents and their child (also CPA, 2017).