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Psychologists “respect the right of persons to choose for themselves whether to disclose their private thoughts, feelings, beliefs, and behaviors” (NASP Guiding Principle 1.2; also APA Principle E), and every effort is made to avoid undue invasion of privacy (APA Principle E; NASP Standard I.2.1). School psychologists “do not seek or store private information about clients that is not needed in the provision of services” (NASP Standard I.2.2; also APA Standard 4.04).

Practitioners also use appropriate safeguards to protect the confidentiality of client disclosures. Except for urgent situations, they inform clients of the boundaries of confidentiality at the outset of establishing a school psychologist–client relationship. They seek a shared understanding with clients regarding the types of information that will and will not be shared with third parties and recognize that it may be necessary to discuss how confidential information will be managed at multiple points in an ongoing professional relationship (NASP Standard I.2.2). Read and consider Case 1.1.