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We wrote this book believing that there are many people who are interested in the Chinese internal martial art of Pa-kua (pronounced “ba-gwa”) as it was traditionally taught on the mainland.ssss1 Such people understand that this art is a meditative form of health and body management from which self defense spills over, rather than an aggressive combat form, of which the world already has too many. As a system of self defense, however, it is harshly effective.

Besides training for several years in Taiwan under the Pa-kua masters Hung I-hsiang and his brother Hung 1-mien, Mr. Smith was also fortunate enough to be allowed to study under Wang Shu-chin, Kuo Feng-ch’ih, Yuan Tao, and other masters. His training path is very clearly outlined in his Chinese Boxing: Masters and Methods (Tokyo, 1974) and other books. Some twenty years later, Mr. Pittman, one of Mr. Smith’s senior students, went to Taiwan seeking the old masters, but found that many had died. In Taipei, however, he came across a still hardy Hung I-mien, who invited him to share his home as a live-in student. After absorbing Hung’s Hsing-i and Pa-kua, he traveled south to Taichung to practice with the sons of the late Ch’en P’an-ling—Yuan-ch’ao and Yun-ch’ing—and the senior students of the late Wang Shu-chin.