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Note that in performing multiple kicks hip movement must also be in the direction of the kick. Figures ssss1 and ssss1 show the front kick, with the hips facing forward. The performance of the side kick (Figs. ssss1) gains power when the hip is thrust in the direction of the kick. The back thrust-kick (Figs. ssss1) requires that the hip position be maintained in order to execute the kick properly.

When an opponent approaches from the side, it is necessary to face the hips in that direction in order to kick at him. In this case the roundhouse kick is used after the hips are turned in the direction of the opponent (Figs. ssss1).

Balance and Stability

Common sense would dictate that balance is an essential ingredient in any successful athletic movement, and particularly relevant in combat situations. An examination of some of the factors affecting balance is therefore necessary.

The body at rest adopts what we refer to as a natural position, that is a position in which the feet are spaced approximately shoulder width apart, with the weight of the body distributed evenly on them. It follows, then, that whenever possible, karate stances should follow this principle. Depicted in Figure ssss1 is the front stance. Note that the feet are placed approximately shoulder width apart for balance; failure to do so will affect the performer’s balance. In Figure ssss1 the feet in the front stance are in line and the body is difficult to balance, since the base of support is narrowed. It should also be noted that the upper body is held erect, and the hips in their normal position are in line with the rest of the body.