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The impermanent nature which is being taught in the ‘Four Noble Truths’ refers to the more subtle aspect of impermanence, which is the transitory nature of existence.

Daily Advice from the Heart Dalai Lama

Principal Buddhist Sects

Across Ladakh each monastery has close associations with the different Tibetan Buddhist schools. The main sects are as follows.

Nyingma-pa

The Nyingma-pa is the oldest Buddhist sect originating in Tibet, known as the Red Hat sect. It developed when the Indian master Santarakshita, and later Padma Sambhava, the Tantric sage, were invited to Tibet to teach Indian Buddhism. The Nyingma-pa postulates that a person can find their own path to enlightenment without the aid of teachers, collective meditations and the reading of scriptures. Padma Sambhava, later known as Guru Rinpoche, is considered to be the founder of Lamaism in Tibet. His consort Yeshe Tsogyal recorded many of the scriptures of her mentor and these were concealed, to be revealed to future masters when appropriate. Today the Nyingma-pa sect is found in Ladakh, Tibet and the Khumbu region of Nepal around Mount Everest.