Главная » A Companion to Medical Anthropology читать онлайн | страница 92

Читать книгу A Companion to Medical Anthropology онлайн

92 страница из 242

Because our environmental exposures are largely influenced by both cultural and social factors, epigenetic changes, changes in the microbiome, and developmental plasticity as pathways of embodiment provide links between broader social worlds and locally situated human biologies (Lock 2017). Epigenetic and microbial findings now make clear that the human genome is more reactive than directive (Fox-Keller 2014; Gilbert 2003; Lock 2017). So, we have new conceptualizations of “situated bodies” and “reactive genomes,” a genome far outnumbered by the number of genes in the microbial community that inhabits our external and internal environments and may shape many human biological processes. Rather than the human host as individual, many now speak of holobionts – host and its entire microbial community – and hologenomes as the genetic material of the holobiont (Gilbert et al. 2013 ; see also, Fuentes 2019). We increasingly recognize the embeddedness of humans in multispecies communities and its critical role in health (Brown and Nading 2019).

Правообладателям