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2. Dhyaan: Dhyaan (Steadfast meditation) is undisturbed flow of thought around the object of meditation (pratyayaikatanata). The act of meditation and the object of meditation remain distinct and separate.

3. Samadhi: Oneness with the object of meditation. There is no distinction between act of meditation and the object of meditation. Samadhi is of two kinds:

a. Samprajnata Samadhi (conscious samadhi ): The mind remains concentrated (ekagra) on the object of meditation; therefore the consciousness of the object of meditation persists. Mental modifications arise only in respect of this object of meditation.

This state is of four kinds:

* Savitarka: the chitta is concentrated upon a gross object of meditation such as a flame of a lamp, the tip of the nose, or the image of a deity.

* Savichara: the chitta is concentrated upon a subtle object of meditation, such as the tanmatras

* Sananda: the chitta is concentrated upon a still, subtler object of meditation, like the senses.

* Sasmita: the chitta is concentrated upon the ego-substance with which the self is generally identified.