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Carey and Gelaude (2008, p. 237) emphasize the logic of design in the development of interview materials. They recommend creating an “intents list” to make explicit the rationale for each question in an interview. In a study of HIV risk, Carey’s team duplicated the semistructured interview guide and, below each question, added a one-line description of why the question was being asked. They also created a spreadsheet with three columns: (1) project objectives, (2) specific interview questions, and (3) citations related to the rationale or design of each question. These tools ensured that the design of interview materials was tightly integrated with the research questions and also proved useful in interviewer training and data monitoring. Powis (2017) described his use of this approach for ethnographic research on the experiences of expectant fathers in Dakar, Senegal (Powis 2020). Carey and Gelaude (2008, pp. 244–252) also recommend applying the logic of an intents list to data management and analysis plans before the project begins.

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