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49 ssss1 An example of this in the United State is the politician Donald Trump whose mantra was “to make America great again.” This is an example of devolutionary thinking.

50 ssss1 It is essential to add a positive outcome to the mechanism otherwise one might be inclined to view positively intricate systems that cause death and destruction. In this account “animal and plant life” is asserted to be a per se good so long as the sustainability proviso is added. Any predatory element that kills more than it enriches will be viewed negatively in this regard. This could include a judgment against humans.

51 ssss1 This argument should be seen in the context of my argument “The Moral Status of Basic Goods” in Natural Human Rights: A Theory (New York and Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014): 182.

52 ssss1 For examples of what I mean by these three forms of logic see my The Process of Argument: An Introduction, 3rd edn. (New York and London: Routledge, forthcoming 2020).

53 ssss1 The Table of Embeddedness (See Boylan, 2014; 186).